Loom.



Patented June 12, I906,

No. 65l,744.

T. & w. CALDWELL.

L 0 0 III (Application filed July 18, 1898 (No Model.)

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L 0 D M (Application filed Ju1y 18, 1898.)

No. 65i,744. 1

T. &. W. CALDWELL.

(Na Modal.)

m: spams amns co. womufnu" WASNINGTON, n. 0.

Wfinesses- [KW No. 65|,744. Patented lune i2, I900.

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LUUM. (Application filed July 18, 1898.

(No Model.) 5 Shoots-Sheet 3.

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Patenfqd June l2, l90lL LOOM.

(Application filed July 18, 1898.}

5. Sheets- Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

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No. 651,744. Patented lune I2, moo.

T. & w. CALDWELL.

Loom.

[Application filed July 18, 1898.)

(N0 Mpdel.)

Witnesses A4 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

THOMAS CALDWELL, OF BOLTON, AND I/VILLIAM CALDWELL, OF LEIGH,

ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE RADAX PNEU- MATIO TYRE COMPANY, LIMITED, OF WARRINGTON, ENGLAND.

LOOM.

siencrnroA'rron forming part of Letters Patent no. 651,744, dated. June 12,1900. Application finding is, 1893. Seriallio. 686,299. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, THOMAS CALDWELL, cycle agent, residing at 137 Blackburn road, Bolton, and WILLIAM CALDWELL, cotton-mill manager, residing at Vicarage Square, Leigh,

in the county of Lancaster, England, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented a Loom, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of textile fabric for forming the outer covers for pneumatic tires 'or other similarly-shaped articles and apparatus therefor, and has for its object to produce such fabric of a curved, form or shape-t. 6., curved to a radiusand somewhat of an inverted V shape or U shape in cross-sections-as, for instance, informing covers for pneumatic tires the fabric is made of (or about) the radius and cross-sectional form which the outer cover will assume when fully inflated on the rim. This object is obtained by differentiating theamount of length of warp in the fabric from the center to the selvage, greater length of warp being put in 2 5 the center than in the selvages and advantageously in a graduated manner from the center toward each selvage and proportioned according to the shape desired. The weft may be putin either in a regular or irregular man- 0 such, for instance, as an ordinary cotton-cloth loom. Fig. 2 is 'a view taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrow 1, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a f local detail view, on an enlarged scale in side elevation, of the attachment or means which we provide according to the present invention to keep the fell of the cloth fiat or level for the beat up. Fig. 4 is a plan of Fig. 3. 'Fig. 5 is a local detail view, in side elevation, showing the means according to the present invention for drawing or winding off the made fabric. Fig. 5 is a detail view looking at the edge of the concave roller shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 6 isa vertical sectional view taken on the line 6 6, Fig. 5, and looking in the direction of the arrow 5. Fig. 7 is a local plan view (diagram) of a modified arrangement of the warp-beams or bobbins-win, the latter are arranged in a horizontal plane instead of in a vertical plane, as shown in Fig. 1. of the weave.

Similar letters of reference indicate correspondingparts throughout.

In an ordinary or any suitable loom the warp-threads a are arranged or mounted in several sections or groups. For instance, the center section A is on a beam X of its own. (See Figs. 1 and 2 and diagram Fig. 8.) The section or group B B of warp on each side of the center group A and next adjoining thereto comes off another bobbin or beam X The succeeding group of warp O O is arranged so that half the threads go to one side and half to the other side of the warp groups B B immediately preceding it, and so on through the whole series, the threads a being mounted on separate and independent beams or bobbins X X and so on, or otherwise suitably arranged in suchwise that the various warp-threads or groups of threads A B C, &c., respectively, can be drawn off, as required, independently of one another.

A drum or barrel 1) having varying dian1- in such a position that the warp-threads a will be led around or partly around same as Fig. 8 shows a diagram said threads are drawn ofi their bobbins or:

beams in theabove-inentioned proportions.

Instead of using the ordinary breast-beam' c and taking-up rollers (not shown) according to the present invention we arrange and mount on or over said breast-beam a speciallyshaped horn or ridge cl of a curved form both longitudinally and crosswise, (see Figs. and 6,) such shape corresponding (or thereabout) to the radius andcross-section of the tire for which said outer cover is intended, and we also provide a convex roller or drum 6, (see Figs. 1, 5, and 6,) the convexity of same advantageously correspond ing or therea'bout to said ridge, and'a small concave roller f-(which'in such case would bear against convex roller e) is mounted proximate thereto, or other suitable means may be employed so as to draw ofi the fabric as produced, said drawing-off rollers e and f being driven or actuated in any suitable manner, or the drawing-off roller f may be mounted a little distance from the roller e,

as shown in Fig. 5, and we may use a piece of flexible material g, somewhat likea bandand adapted to overcome the springs 11 at the other end, said springs h and 'i being attached at j to a fixed part of the loom, whereby the newly-woven fabric a is firmly pressed onto the convex drawing-01f roller e, which latter maylbe roughened or other than smooth around its circumference.

As the employment of the aforesaid, horn or ridge d (which is fixed'or mounted closeup to-the fell of the cloth) causes the warp threads a to lie in different planes, and con-.

sequently would cause'an uneven shed and would interfere with the traverse of the shuttle. To avoid this and in order to keep the Q fell off the cloth at at fiat or level we form,

.wise that a detachable pin or cross-bar 0 can arrange, or mount any suitable fixed guidingbar or guiding device-such, for instance, as a long horizontal slot in a device fixed or mounted on the frame or other suitable part ofthe machine advantageously with one or more side or sides forming said slot removable, so that the warp-threads can be readily laid in or removed therefrom whendesired, the position of this device being such as to be out of reach of the reed, &c., on the beat up. For instance, the arm mis rigidly fixed to the breast-beam c and extends toward the reed n and is forked or widened atv m and carries two upwardly-extending side lugs, checks, or bearings m or equivalent in suchbe readily and firmly affixed in position in. said supports m or said pin or cross -bar may be. hinged atone end, if'desired, so as to hold the fell of the cloth a level.

' A mode of weavi'ngis as follows: The warpwise that each section or group of threads may be operated independently or in c ombi nation with any'or all of the other groups of I curved shape desired threads, so as to permit the weft being introduced and the wearing to be effected as follows: First, the healds p are so operated by a dobby (or other suitable mechanism at q) that the weft for the first few pickssay fouris shot right across, (see Fig. 8; but on the return shoot thereof the shed of all the sections on the shuttle side up "tothe middle'section are left open: For instance, with eleven sections the first. five are left open, the weft first binding on the outer thread A of the middle section A and then passing through to the other side of the loom. Next the shed of the five sections on this other side is left open, and the weft now binds on the other outer thread A of the middle section A,and the shuttle continues rightacross. Next the shed is changed for a complete shoot, thus leaving a six-section pick in. Then several complete shootssay threeare efiected, and then another complete shoot 10, and now on the return shoot the shed is left open for the four out side sections, the weft being now bound on the outer thread B of the fifth section B and passes right across similarly for the next pick. The shed on the other side is left open, the weft binding on the outer, thread B of the fifth section B on this side and passing to the opposite side, when, theshed'isagain altered, leaving a seven-section pick in and then several complete shoots, and so on progressively until all the sections have been thus progressively taken in by the selective, picks, whereupon the cycle of operations is repeated, be ginning with the middle section, as first described, andso on, as. will. be readily understoodon reference to Fig. 8.

p The hereinbefore-described arrangement of independently-mountedewarp-threads a permits the latter to travel at difierent speeds, and a greater length of warp goes into the centralsection A than into the next outer sections B, and soon successively, the least warp going into the two outside sections forming the outer edges of the fabrics. I sections, however, travel slower than the inner sections, and the latter travel slower than the These outer central section. Thus notwithstanding the unequal number of picks inserted in the diiferlent parts of the width of the material nevertheless' an approximately-uniform fabric'or the extra 1 length of 'warp, as aforesaid, and the finished fabric is formed I or assumes the both in radius and cross-section. r

- In place of using healds ortheirequivalents we may use J acquardharness, in which case each individual warp-thread may be independently operated and drawn oifindependent bobbins. f

What we claim is I 1. In a loom, the combination of means for holding the fell ofthefabricfiat, a curved drawing-01f ridge, a roller. with a convex face, a band-brake, between which and the roller the fabric passes, and means for pressingthe band-brake against the fabric or roll, substantially as described.

2. In a loom, the combination of a frame provided with a bar under which the fabric is adapted to pass, a curved drawing-0E ridge, a roller with a convex face, a band-brake and means for holding said brake against the roller, substantially as described.

3. In a 100m, the combination of a curved drawing-off. ridge, a roller having a convex face, a band-brake and means fol-holding said brake against the roller or the fabric thereon, substantially as described.

4:. In a loom, the combination of a curved drawing-01f ridge, a roller with a convex face, a band-brake and differential springs tending to hold said brake in contact with said roller, substantially as described.

5. In a loom, the combination of a curved drawing-off ridge, a roller with a convex face, a band-brake, springs tending to hold said brake against said roller, and a concave roller over which the fabric passes after leaving the convex roller, substantially as described.

6. The combination in a weaving-loom of a curved drawing-01f ridge or convex surface over which latter the made fabric is drawn in order that the middle portion of the strip of fabric may have more warp than the outer portions so that said fabric is formed curved in the direction of its length, a correspondingly-convex roller, e, and a pressure-band 9 held tightly on the said roller 6 by the opposing springs h and 'i with the fabric a? between said band-brake g and the said convex roller 6 substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. The combination in a Weaving-loom of a curved drawing-off ridge or convex surface over which latter the made fabric is drawn in order that the middle portion of the strip of fabric may have more Warp than the outer portions so that said fabric is formed curved in the direction of its length, a correspondingly-convex roller e, a pressure-band g held tightly on the said roller e by the opposing springs h and i with the fabric a between said pressure-band g and the said convex roller e, and means to hold fiat or level the fell of the cloth and the warp-threads at the latter point, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

THOMAS CALDWELL.

WILLIAM CALDWELL. Witnesses:

E. JAMES HALL, JOHN W. THOMAS. 

